Category Archives: Cement

According to Vietnam’s Strategy for Developing Building Materials (2021–2030, with a vision to 2050), the cement industry must reduce emissions to below 650 kg CO2 per ton of cement by 2030. To achieve this, all cement production lines with a capacity of 2,500 tons of clinker per day or more must install and operate waste heat recovery power systems by 2025. Additionally, at least 20% of thermal power fly ash or industrial waste must be used as alternative materials in clinker production by 2025, increasing to 30% by 2030. Alternative fuels are also expected to account for 15% of total fuel used in clinker production.

Major Sources of Emissions

Dr. Luong Duc Long, Vice President and General Secretary of the Vietnam Cement Association, highlights three main sources of emissions in the cement industry:

  1. Raw materials for clinker and cement production.
  2. Fuels used in clinker kilns.
  3. Electricity consumption during production.

Portland cement, which accounts for 99% of global cement production, poses a significant challenge due to the chemistry of clinker production. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 57% of CO2 emissions from clinker production come from the decomposition of raw materials, a process that is currently unavoidable.

Solutions for Reducing Emissions

  1. Waste Heat Recovery Systems:
    Utilizing kiln waste heat for power generation can help factories meet 25–30% of their electricity needs. Currently, 40% of Vietnam’s cement plants with capacities of 2,500 tons of clinker per day or more have adopted this technology.
  2. Alternative Fuels:
    Substituting coal with waste-derived fuels can significantly lower CO2 emissions. Vietnam generates approximately 60,000 tons of municipal solid waste daily, equivalent to 6 million tons of coal annually in energy potential. Although this source remains underutilized, its potential for cement production is promising.
  3. Reducing Clinker Content:
    Lowering the clinker-to-cement ratio by incorporating supplementary cementitious materials is a viable solution. However, consumer acceptance remains a hurdle that needs to be addressed.

Global Comparisons and Opportunities

European cement producers benefit from carbon offset mechanisms like the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), which incentivizes the use of waste as fuel. Their emissions are slightly lower than Vietnam’s, at around 850 kg CO2 per ton of clinker compared to Vietnam’s 905 kg CO2 per ton. This demonstrates that with the adoption of advanced technologies and improved resource utilization, Vietnam’s cement industry can close this gap.

Conclusion

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the cement industry is a formidable yet achievable goal. By optimizing energy consumption, adopting renewable and waste-derived fuels, and lowering clinker dependency, Vietnam’s cement sector can advance towards sustainability while maintaining production efficiency. The challenge is significant, but so is the opportunity to lead in green cement innovation.

Author: Elly Nguyen
Sales Manager of Supas Vietnam
+84 369 980 010

In the face of growing environmental concerns, especially in the cement industry—a significant contributor to CO2 emissions—many nations are taking proactive steps toward sustainability. Among the most promising innovations is Green Cement, a groundbreaking solution paving the way for an eco-friendly future in construction.

What is Green Cement?

The definition of green cement varies by manufacturer, with each adopting unique processes to enhance environmental sustainability. However, the unifying principle is clear: green cement is designed to minimize CO2 emissions and optimize the use of natural resources, making it a more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional options.

Notable Types of Green Cement

  • Ekkomaxx Cement: Composed of 95% fly ash and 5% renewable liquid additives, this type achieves near-zero carbon emissions.
  • Geopolymer Cement: Made from alumino silicate rather than calcium oxide, it produces 95% less CO2 compared to conventional cement.
  • Magnesium Oxychloride Cement: A neutral, eco-friendly option derived from magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride—by-products of magnesium mining.

While these advanced materials are not yet widely adopted due to high costs and complex technology, blended cements incorporating fly ash and steel slag are gaining traction globally, including in developing nations. Known under various names like Portland Cement Blended (PCB) or Portland Composite Cement, Multi Component Portland Cement, they are becoming a preferred choice.

Green Cement Solutions in Vietnam

In Vietnam, several measures have been implemented to reduce carbon emissions in cement production, including:

  • Using fly ash from power plants and blast furnace slag from steel mills as raw materials.
  • Optimizing coal quality and calorific values during kiln operations, along with reusing alternative fuels for lower-temperature processes.
  • Substituting clay with industrial sludge in production.
  • Partnering with FLSmidth to develop advanced technologies for pollution control.

According to the Vietnam Institute for Building Materials (VIBM), optimal blending ratios for fly ash (5-30%) and slag (10-50%) have been shown to enhance cement activity. As a result, PCB cement is steadily becoming the standard for domestic markets.

Benefits of Using Green Cement

  • Economic Value: Comparable or superior durability to traditional cement at a potentially lower cost when blended optimally.
  • Environmental Impact: Reduced CO2 emissions and energy consumption, contributing to resource preservation and improved public health.

Leading companies such as Vicem, Holcim, and SCG are at the forefront of this movement, striving to incorporate higher levels of recycled materials into their products. At Supas, we take pride in being a prominent exporter of Vicem’s innovative cement solutions, fully committed to advancing the green cement revolution and building a sustainable future for generations to come.

Author: Elly Nguyen

Sales Manager of Supas Vietnam

+84 369 980 010

Recently, a series of large cement manufacturers such as VICEM Bim Son, But Son, The Vissai, Thanh Thang Group Cement, Xuan Thanh Cement… have simultaneously announced an increase in product prices to offset the increase in input costs.

The price increase in this adjustment was set by businesses at VND50,000/ton. The Vissai alone increased by VND46,300/ton.

A representative of Thanh Thang Group Cement Joint Stock Company said: “The electricity price has just increased by 4.8%, while the electricity price accounts for 14-15% of the cost of products, causing the production cost to increase. Although the business has applied many solutions to cut costs and improve productivity such as taking advantage of excess heat from production lines, it has not been able to offset the production cost.”

Increasing the selling price by VND50,000/ton will help cement manufacturers to ensure stable production and business, maintaining product quality.

According to manufacturers, according to Decision No. 1046/QD-EVN of Vietnam Electricity Group (EVN), from October 11, 2024, electricity prices will increase by 4.8% compared to before. In addition, in the context of tense military conflicts in the world, causing input fuel prices such as coal, oil, etc. to fluctuate greatly, and are forecast to continue to increase in the coming time, cement cannot maintain the old selling price.

The Vietnam Cement Association (VNCA) said: “It is inevitable that manufacturers increase the selling price of cement, because for the past few years, cement has been sold below production cost. If the selling price is not adjusted to partially offset input costs, businesses will not be able to hold on.”

In fact, according to preliminary statistics from the General Department of Customs, in the first 8 months of 2024, the country exported nearly 20.55 million tons of cement and clinker, earning nearly 788.8 million USD, down 3.2% in volume and 14.5% in value compared to the first 8 months of 2023. Export prices also decreased by 11.6%, reaching an average of 38.4 USD/ton

In August 2024 alone, cement and clinker exports decreased by over 7% in both volume and value compared to July 2024 and decreased by 0.18% in price, reaching nearly 2.33 million tons, equivalent to over 90.13 million USD, with an average price of 38.7 USD/ton; compared to August 2023, it decreased by 14.3% in volume, 22.5% in value and 9.5% in price.

In the first 8 months of 2024, clinker cement exports to the Philippines market decreased by 1.8% in volume, 13% in value and 11.4% in price compared to the first 8 months of 2023, which is the largest market consuming clinker cement in Vietnam, accounting for 26.1% of the total volume and 27.2% of the total export turnover of cement and clinker of the whole country, reaching over 5.35 million tons, equivalent to 214.3 million USD, with an average price of 40 USD/ton.

Cement clinker exports to Bangladesh, the second largest market, reached 4.18 million tons, worth 133.9 million USD, with an average price of 32 USD/ton (up 5.2% in volume but down 11.4% in value and down 15.8% in price); accounting for 20.4% of the total volume and 17% of the total turnover.

Followed by the Taiwanese market, accounting for 4.8% of the total volume and 4.5% of the total turnover, reaching 994,735 tons, equivalent to 35.55 million USD, price 35.7 USD/ton (down 17.2% in volume, down 24.5% in turnover and down 8.9% in price)

It is from this clear price decrease that cement enterprises are reporting losses. The state’s intervention in clinker exports will lead to a sharp decrease in the last months of 2024 and continue in 2025. Only when the market shows more positive signs about prices will this situation have a chance to change

Source: Collected
Elly Nguyen +84 369 980 010

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INFORMATION ABOUT THE WORLD AND VIETNAM CEMENT MARKET

Italy’s cement output in the first 6 months of the year increased by 32%

According to information from Federbeton, Italy’s cement output in June 2021 increased by 2% over the same period last year, after increasing by 18% in May 2021. Overall, in the first 6 months of 2021, output increased by 32% over the same period last year.

In May 2021, Italy imported 151,444 tons of cement, an increase of 75% over the same period last year. Turnover reached 7,772 million EUR, average price 51 EUR/ton CIF. In addition, cement exports in May 2021 increased by 10%, to 148,311 tons. Turnover reached 8,962 million EUR, average price 60 EUR/ton FOB, slightly down from 62 EUR/ton in April 2021. However, in recent months, cement export prices have increased compared to 56 EUR/ton at the beginning of 2021.

Bolivia’s cement consumption increased by nearly 26%

According to data from the Bolivian Bureau of Statistics – INE, Bolivia’s cement consumption in June 2021 reached 289,440 tons, an increase of 25.6% compared to the 230,378 tons achieved in June 2020. However, it has decreased by 30%. .3% compared to the level of 330,612 tons achieved in June 2019.

Bolivia’s cement output in June 2021 reached 299,517 tons, an increase of 25.5% compared to the 238,640 tons achieved in June 2020. However, it is still down 29.6% compared to the 339,171 tons reached in June 2019.

Vietnam’s cement consumption in July 2021 decreased by 8%

According to the Vietnam Cement Association (VNCA), cement consumption in Vietnam in July 2021 decreased by 8% compared to July 2020, down to 4,964,884 tons and down 19% compared to 6,095. 139 tons in June 2021.

In particular, cement consumption of Vietnam Cement Corporation – VICEM decreased by 8% to 1,627,342 tons compared to July 2020 and decreased by 22% compared to 1,853,650 tons in June 2021, while consumption Cement consumption of joint venture companies decreased by 25% over the same period to 1,037,542 tons and decreased by 28% compared to 1,434,489 tons in June 2021.

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However, cement consumption by domestic manufacturing companies increased by 2% compared to July 2020, to 2.3 million tons, but decreased by 18% compared to 2.807 million tons in June 2021.

Overall, in the first 7 months of 2021, Vietnam’s cement consumption increased by 6% over the same period last year to 38.575 million tons; Of which, VICEM increased by 4%, to 12.209 million tons, while joint venture companies decreased by 5% to 9.076 million tons; Domestic cement production companies increased by 14%, to 17.29 million tons.

Colombia’s cement consumption increased by 4%

According to the Colombian Department of Statistics – DANE, Colombia’s cement consumption in July 2021 reached 1,132 million tons, up 3.6% compared to the 1,093 million tons achieved in July 2020 and also up 7.5% compared to with 1.113 million tons in July 2019.

Cement consumption especially increased sharply for ready-mixed concrete (up 11.9% compared to July 2020), of which wholesale cement for large construction projects increased by 6.4%, cement sold retail decreased by 1%. Compared to July 2019, retail sales increased by 5.5%, but wholesale sales for large construction projects decreased by more than 2% while ready-mix concrete decreased by 7.6%.

Total wholesale sales of all types of cement in July 2021 increased by 13.8% while total retail sales decreased by 0.5% compared to July 2020. Compared to July 2019, wholesale sales decreased by 1.4% and retail sales increased by 3.2%.

Cement output in Colombia in July 2021 reached 1.202 million tons, up 6.2% compared to 1.311 million tons in July 2020; Compared to July 2019, it also increased by 1.7% compared to 1.118 million tons.

Overall, in the first 7 months of 2021, cement consumption reached 7,328 tons, up 28.4% over the same period last year.

Domestic cement output in the first 7 months of 2021 reached 7,701 million tons, up 27.8% compared to 6,024 million tons in the same period in 2020.

Pakistan’s cement exports decreased in July 2021

Pakistan’s cement and clinker exports in July 2021 decreased in both volume and turnover compared to the previous month and also decreased compared to the same month in 2020.

The Pakistan Cement Manufacturers Association (APCMA) attributed the downward trend in both domestic and export exports to rainy weather and the suspension of construction activities due to the Muslim holiday Eid-ul-Azha across the country. the country of Pakistan.

According to the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (FBS), in July 2021, Pakistan’s cement industry exported 299,605 million tons of cement, reaching a turnover of 11,967 million USD, down from 372,580 tons, equivalent to 14,325 million USD in June 2021, a decrease of 19.6% in volume and a decrease of 16.5% in turnover.

Compared to July 2020, it also decreased by 50% and 47.8% in volume and turnover, respectively. In July 2020, exported 741,391 tons of cement, reaching 22,925 million USD.

Pakistan cement output increased by 27%

According to data from FBS Financial Company, it is estimated that Pakistan’s industrial production index increased by 14.9% in the fiscal year from July 2020 to June 2021 compared to the same period last year, in That includes cement production, this growth is thanks to the development of housing construction programs in the country.

In the fiscal year from July 2020 to June 2021, Pakistan’s cement production increased by 27.3% over the same period last year, to 49.803 million tons, in June 2020 alone.

Source: Cement Newspaper

Supas Vietnam Daily Newspaper 2021

Contact number: +84 369 980 010

Cement consumption in the domestic market in the fourth quarter of 2022.


Cement and clinker exports last year recorded a very sharp decrease compared to last year’s performance. Although in December, the export situation of cement and clinker in traditional markets such as Taiwan, Bangladesh, Malaysia… has improved significantly, but it cannot compensate for the decline of many previous months.

Particularly in the Chinese market, it still decreased sharply because the country still maintains the Zero Covid policy and the Philippine market decreased due to the issue of imposing defensive taxes on some enterprises importing from Vietnam.

As a result, the total export volume of cement and clinker only reached 30.65 million tons, down 33% over the same period in 2021. Of which, cement exports reached 15.68 million tons, equal to 93% over the year. In 2021, clinker exports for the whole year 2022 will reach 14.97 million tons, only 80% compared to 2021.

The total value of foreign exchange earned from cement and clinker exports in 2022 will reach 1.36 billion USD, down 398 million USD compared to 2021.

Tiêu thụ xi măng tại thị trường nội địa trong quý 4/2022.

Thus, the total amount of cement and clinker consumed in 2022 will only reach 93.33 million tons, much lower than last year’s 108 million tons.

In 2023, difficulties continue to surround the cement industry, production and consumption cannot be brighter because input costs continue to increase (coal prices, packaging, wages, and possibly electricity prices will be adjusted). …), while domestic consumption is still gloomy, due to slow recovery of civil construction; Disbursement of public investment capital is still slow, the real estate market is expected to continue to be quiet as the State continues to tighten the issuance of bonds and real estate credit.

Export channels do not exist because countries importing cement and clinker continue to implement many protection policies for domestic cement production and technical trade barriers (in which anti-dumping tax is imposed in the Philippines on imported goods). cement, China blockades seaports due to maintaining the Zero Covid policy expected to end in the first quarter of 2023); In addition, from January 1, 2023, Vietnam imposes clinker export tax from 5% to 10% (according to Decree No. 101/2021/ND-CP dated November 15, 2021 of the Government).

In addition, there are still difficulties from within the industry when cement supply exceeds demand (in 2023, there will continue to be a number of new cement production lines coming into operation such as Line 4 – Long Son Cement , Line 3 – Xuan Thanh Cement, Dai Duong Cement, Long Thanh Cement brings cement supply to about 120.7 million tons.

It is forecasted that domestic demand for cement is only at 64 – 65.5 million tons, leading to increasingly fierce competition in the context of cement production units facing pressure to sell their products. produced, many units had to stop the kiln/reduce kiln running capacity.


Source: Investment Newspaper

Supas Vietnam Daily Newspaper in 2022

Collector: Elly Nguyen

Sales Manager of Supas Vn


Contact whatsapp: +84 369 980 010

2023 is an unprecedentedly difficult year in the history of the Vietnam Cement industry, coming from both internal industry factors and force majeure external factors. Cement businesses are making efforts to restructure, moving towards green production and saving resources. Hopefully in the new year 2024, the picture will have more bright colors.

Internal difficulties in the Cement industry are due to supply exceeding demand. Currently, the country has 58 factories, with 83 lines, design capacity of 112.5 million tons/year. But due to the application of in-depth renovation, the actual capacity can reach nearly 120 million tons/year, while social cement consumption decreases by 16.9%, compared to 2022.

Resolve the surplus by exporting cement, but in 2023, although exporting 31.3 million tons, equal to 99.5% compared to 2022, the export price of cement and clinker (FOB Quang Ninh) decreased sharply compared to the end of 2022. Specifically, cement prices decreased by 5 – 6 USD/ton, clinker prices decreased by 9 – 10 USD/ton.

In addition, force majeure factors related to the prices of raw materials, fuel, and input materials for cement production, although they have decreased, are still at high levels.

Associate Professor Dr. Luong Duc Long, General Secretary of the Vietnam Cement Association, said that during this period, the cement industry is under great pressure, when the domestic economy’s ability to absorb cement is poor. The prices of electricity, coal and other input materials for production all increased, at one point the price of coal increased 3 times; In 2023, the average retail price of electricity will increase by 7.5%… On the other hand, domestic cement businesses are facing a disadvantage when the clinker export tax increases from 5% to 10%, from January 1, 2023. 2023, the value added tax law will not be applied.

All of these difficulties push the cement industry into a difficult position and dilemma. If a business is not competitive enough, it will have to stop without change. Some factories with large investment loans and lots of bank debt may go bankrupt or have to be sold off to foreign countries. Up to now, 8 cement production lines have had to stop operating, many factories have had to stop 1 or 2 lines to reduce cement inventory.

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According to calculations by the Vietnam Cement Association, in 2023, the country will produce and consume nearly 88.6 million tons of cement and clinker, reaching nearly 79% of the production capacity of 83 lines, about 70% of the capacity. reality. Domestic cement consumption in 2023 reaches 57.083 million tons, equal to 84.3% of domestic consumption in 2022.

Each business will have to have different solutions and strategies to overcome difficulties and challenges in the current period. But a common solution implemented by many large cement enterprises is innovation, moving towards green production and saving resources. This is also the inevitable direction of the cement industry in the future, towards green production and circular economy.

According to Mr. Dao Nguyen Khanh, Head of Sustainable Development and Communications Department of Insee Vietnam, Insee Vietnam chose the solution of promoting technological innovation and optimizing production costs. Insee Vietnam’s leadership decided to stop 1 grinding station to optimize costs, while increasing waste treatment and increasing heat replacement rate. Insee Vietnam’s Hon Chong crushing station reached a new record, greatly reducing costs and variable costs.

Or Vicem is the largest cement enterprise in Southeast Asia, playing a leading role in stabilizing the Vietnamese cement market. During this period, Vicem focuses on innovation, cost savings, increasing the use of waste as alternative fuel, using waste sludge to replace clay, using artificial gypsum to replace natural gypsum. course; Researching new products to reduce emissions into the environment, contributing to reducing production costs, protecting the environment, and reducing the use of non-renewable resources.

Another solution chosen by many cement businesses is to reduce costs, restructure the business, and focus on digital transformation and digitization in production and business.

It is estimated that in 2024, domestic cement demand will hardly grow high. Disbursement of public investment capital in localities is still slow, due to problems with legal procedures, site clearance… The real estate market will recover but cannot be vibrant again right away. Besides, cement supply continues to exceed demand, a number of new lines can go into production such as: Vissai Dai Duong 2, Xuan Son Cement…

Cement and clinker exports are forecast to continue to face difficulties because the Chinese real estate market has not shown signs of recovery; China’s cement surplus will compete with Vietnamese cement in markets such as the Philippines, Central America, South Africa… In addition, from October 2023, Europe will begin implementing a regulation mechanism. Adjusting the carbon border for imported cement will be a big challenge for businesses exporting cement to Europe.

According to Associate Professor Dr. Luong Duc Long, General Secretary of the Vietnam Cement Association, the cement consumption market in 2024 will be better than 2023, because our country is in the process of building infrastructure, so demand for There’s still a lot of cement. With the determination of the Government, especially the Prime Minister, it is hoped that in 2024 the speed of disbursement of public investment capital will be better.

The usual rule is that GDP growth and cement growth lines move together; This means that as GDP increases, cement consumption will increase. Domestic cement consumption growth from 2013 to 2023 (arithmetic average) only reaches 2.35%, while average GDP growth during this period is 5.71%. Thus, in the past 11 years, the growth rate of Vietnam’s domestic cement consumption has been low.

To help the cement industry overcome current difficulties, Dr. Nguyen Quang Hiep, Deputy Director of the Construction Materials Department, said that in addition to accelerating the implementation of public investment projects, building infrastructure, and removing difficulties for the real estate market; Accelerate investment in building 1 million social housing units. Regarding tax policy, we recommend that the Government postpone the increase in clinker export tax from 5% to 10% and temporarily keep the clinker export tax rate at the old level of 5%. % for 2 more years. At the same time, it is recommended that the Government consider and amend the value-added tax policy for exported clinker products, in the direction of producing exported clinker that is not subject to goods not subject to value-added tax.

Representatives of the Vietnam Cement Association proposed to urgently promulgate standards and regulations on the use of alternative raw materials and fuels for industries, including the cement industry. There are tax and financial incentive policies for factories using alternative raw materials and fuels. Create conditions for convenient transportation and reuse of waste and garbage as raw materials and alternative fuels. It is necessary to issue regulations and instructions for cement factories to inventory and report greenhouse gas emissions

Source: Vietnam Cement Newspaper

Supas Vietnam Daily 2023

Collector: Elly Nguyen

Sales Manager of Supas Vietnam

Contact whatsapp: +84 369 980 010

Quarter 1: Cement and clinker exports reached about 7.9 million tons

 

According to data from the General Statistics Office, in the first quarter of 2024, the entire cement industry exported about 7.9 million tons of products, earning 298 million USD, output equal to the same period last year but value decreased by 11.7 %. Notably, the decline in exports of this product has lasted for the third year..

Last year, the cement industry’s exports plummeted because many key markets such as China, Bangladesh… reduced imports of cement and clinker from Vietnam. Cumulatively for the whole year of 2023, the cement industry exports will reach more than 31.3 million tons of clinker and cement, equivalent to more than 1.32 billion USD, down 1.2% in volume and down 4.1% in value compared to compared to the same period in 2022. Compared to the export record of nearly 46 million tons in 2021, the Vietnam Cement industry does not know when it will return to this threshold.

The reason why cement and clinker exports dropped sharply in the first quarter of 2024 is because the Chinese real estate market has not shown signs of improvement. In addition, cement and clinker export prices also decreased slightly, continuing the momentum. decrease of the previous year. In addition, the Philippine market still applies protection policies (anti-dumping tax on cement imported from Vietnam).

Not to mention, export prices of cement and clinker remain low, lasting from the end of 2022 until now. According to businesses, the average export price in the 12 months of 2023 will reach nearly 42.4 USD/ton, down nearly 3% over the same period.

Forecasts of the Vietnam Cement Association (VNCA), cement and clinker exports in 2024 will continue to face difficulties, because the Chinese real estate market has not shown signs of recovery, and Chinese cement is also in surplus. and is forecast to compete with Vietnamese cement in export markets such as the Philippines, Central America, South Africa…

Meanwhile, in 2024, domestic cement output will continue to exceed demand, the domestic market is expected to consume about 60 – 62 million tons, therefore, the export channel is still promoted by businesses. to handle an output of about 30 million tons. Currently, some businesses are expanding their markets, shifting to regions such as the US, Australia, North America, South America and Africa to reduce dependence on some traditional markets.

Source: Report of Vietnam Cement

Published: April 2, 2024

The market in March returned to the growth track, with even more prosperity.

According to statistics from the General Department of Customs, cement and clinker exports in March reached more than 2.73 million tons, earning nearly 98 million USD, up 0.9% in volume and down 6% in value compared to the previous year. with the same period.

Since the beginning of March 2024, the market has become more vibrant due to cement and clinker orders coming from traditional markets: USA, Bangladesh, Philippines…

Large factories in the cement industry such as Long Son, Thanh Thang, Hoang Thach… operate at almost full capacity due to a sudden increase in cement orders. However, due to the increase in cement orders, clinker output for export also decreased significantly. Clinker prices increased continuously, from 31-32 USD/mt to 4-5 USD/ton.

Xuất khẩu clinker và xi măng trong tháng 10 tăng nhẹ

Not only that, the number of visitors to Vietnam looking for cement and clinker also increased significantly. These signs are showing the revival of the cement industry after a long period of continuously decreasing output and prices. At the same time, it also raises the question whether value chain simplification is happening faster than expected, when importers are directly looking to factories and exporters instead of large global traders. such as: Trademax, Peakward, Tradeland, Heidelburg, Cemcoa, Sun Shing… as before

Supas Vietnam Co daily newspaper. Ltd
Author: Elly Nguyen

Sales Manager of Supas VN

Contact whatsapp: +84 369 980 010